[20][23][24][25] Kuala Lumpur was originally a small hamlet of just a few houses and shops at the confluence of Sungai Gombak and Sungai Klang (Klang River) before it grew into a town. Despite efforts to promote usage of public transport, utilisation rates are low as only 16 percent of the population used public transport in 2006. Cities are hubs for ideas, commerce, culture, science, productivity, social, human and economic development. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. [173], Books set in Kuala Lumpur include KL 24/7 by Ida M Rahim, Shireen Zainudin and Rizal Zainudin,[174] My Life As a Fake by Peter Carey, and Democracy by Joan Didion.[175]. These population estimates and projections come from the latest revision of the UN World Urbanization Prospects.These estimates represent the Urban agglomeration of Kuala Lumpur… Kuala Lumpur has 1 st Least Expensive Gasoline (1 liter), Transportation in South-Eastern Asia out of 22 cities). The Rubber Research Institute (1925) and Radio and Television Malaysia are headquartered there. The Malaysian Houses of Parliament was completed at the edge of the Lake Gardens in 1963.[59]. [85], Kuala Lumpur's eleven parliamentary constituencies, with estimated population and percentage of the total, are congruent with administrative subdivisions under the authority of the Kuala Lumpur City Hall authority. With the economic development, old buildings such as Bok House have been razed to make way for new ones. Some of these buildings have Islamic geometric motifs integrated with the designs of the building, signifying Islamic restriction on imitating nature through drawings. [31][32] The town, spurred on by tin-mining, started to develop centred on Old Market Square (Medan Pasar), with roads radiating out towards Ampang as well as Pudu and Batu (the destinations became the names of these roads) where miners also started to settled in, and Petaling and Damansara. It means coach number. Kuala Lumpur achieved city status on 1 February 1972,[62][63] becoming the first settlement in Malaysia to be granted the status after independence. [109] Changkat area of Bukit Bintang hosts various cafes, alfresco dining outlets and illegal activities. Area federal territory, 94 square miles (243 square km). [102][103] Tourism here is driven by the city's cultural diversity, relatively low costs, and wide gastronomic and shopping variety. The first section of the MRT opened on 16 December 2016, and the network has since grown rapidly in accordance with Malaysia's aim of developing a comprehensive rail network as the backbone of the country's public transportation system. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. [178] The largest public transportation covers a variety of transport modes such as bus, rail and taxi. In Malaysia, Malay is the language of instruction for most subjects while English is a compulsory subject, but as of 2012[update], English is still the language of instruction for mathematics and the natural sciences for certain schools. Murugan, statue at Batu ("Rock") Caves, north of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The popular coffee shops in Malaysia’s capital are often bakery-cum-cafes that offer tantalising all-day brunch fare, quality coffee and tea, as well as sinfully sweet desserts in charming and unique vibes. Kuala Lumpur, with its central position in Peninsular Malaysia, is the hub of the peninsula’s transportation system, and rail lines and major roads radiate from it. The violence was the result of Malaysian Malays being dissatisfied with their socio-political status. Add to favorite locations. [203], List of Kuala Lumpur representatives in the Federal Parliament (Dewan Rakyat), Federal territory and capital city in Malaysia, Major urban rail transportation in Kuala Lumpur. Sea levels are rising fastest in big cities - here's why. The AFC House—current headquarters of the Asian Football Confederation—is built on a 4-acre (1.6 ha) complex in the Kuala Lumpur suburb of Bukit Jalil. Despite the prevalence of domes and minarets associated with Islamic architecture, however, the non-Muslim Chinese dominate the city and its economy. [136] Most of the styling has been modified to use local resources and acclimatised to the local climate, which is hot and humid all year around. The majority of the Indian population identify as Hindus (81.1%), with a significant minorities of numbers identifying as Christians (7.8%), Muslims (4.9%) and Buddhists (2.1%). The premier performing arts venue is the Petronas Philharmonic Hall located underneath the Petronas Towers. [139] They were designed to resemble motifs found in Islamic art. [23] The Minangkabaus from Sumatra became another important group of peoples who traded and established tobacco plantations in the area. Among its sleek high-rise buildings are two of the world’s tallest buildings: the 1,483-foot (452-metre) Petronas Twin Towers, designed by Argentine-American architect Cesar Pelli; and one of the tallest broadcasting and telecommunications masts, the 1,381-foot (421-metre) Kuala Lumpur Tower. [13] In 2020, Kuala Lumpur was named as the World Book Capital by UNESCO. [138] Some buildings such as the Islamic Arts Museum Malaysia and National Planetarium have been built to masquerade as a place of worship, complete with dome and minaret, when in fact it is a place of science and knowledge. Kuala Lumpur prides itself as one of the leading cities in the world for shopping and tourism and is home to three of the world’s 10 largest shopping malls. Its location within the most developed state on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia, which has wider flat land than the east coast, has contributed to its faster development relative to other cities in Malaysia. [142] Other parks in the city include the ASEAN Sculpture Garden, KLCC Park, Titiwangsa Lake Gardens, Metropolitan Lake Gardens in Kepong, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Taman Tasik Permaisuri (Queen's Lake Gardens), Bukit Kiara Botanical Gardens, Equestrian Park and West Valley Park near TTDI, and Bukit Jalil International Park. Total open space for recreational and sport facilities land use in the city has increased significantly by 169.6 percent from 5.86 square kilometres (1,450 acres) in 1984 to 15.8 square kilometres (3,900 acres) in 2000.[160]. These bus hubs also serve as rail interchanges, with the exception of Medan Pasar, although it is at a walking distance from Masjid Jamek LRT station. Sunrise, sunset, day length and solar time for Kuala Lumpur. [49], A railway line between Kuala Lumpur and Klang, initiated by Swettenham and completed in 1886, increased accessibility which resulted in the rapid growth of the town. The Sultan Abdul Samad Building, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. . [66] The administrative and judicial functions of the government were shifted from Kuala Lumpur to Putrajaya. A career at McKinsey is an opportunity to work with remarkable people, help shape growth, and build important institutions in Malaysia and across Southeast Asia and the world. Badminton and 'takraw' courts are usually included in community halls. The Lake Gardens, a 92-hectare (230-acre) botanical garden, is the first recreational park created in Kuala Lumpur. Kuala Lumpur however still retained its legislative function,[67] and remained the home of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (Constitutional King). Statistics from the 2010 Census indicate that 87.4% of the Chinese population identify as Buddhists, with significant minorities of adherents identifying as Christians (7.9%), Chinese folk religions (2.7%) and Muslims (0.6%). [37] Notable Minangkabaus include their headman Dato' Sati, Utsman Abdullah,[38] and Haji Mohamed Taib who was involved in the early development of Kampung Baru. Kuala Lumpur is also the birthplace of Hashing, which began in December 1938 when a group of British colonial officers and expatriates, some from the Selangor Club, began meeting on Monday evenings to run, in a fashion patterned after the traditional British Paper Chase or "Hare and Hounds". Yap escaped to Klang where he reassembled a fighting force. A Sanitary Board was created on 14 May 1890 which was responsible for sanitation, upkeep of roads, lighting of street and other functions. Omissions? [25], Important Malay figures of early Kuala lumpur also include Haji Mohamed Tahir who became the Dato Dagang ("chief of traders"). [96] The elderly age group, 60 years old and above has increased from 4% in 1980 and 1991 to 6% in 2000. The new federal territory Kuala Lumpur flag and anthem were introduced. An ad hoc alliance between the Malay UMNO and Chinese MCA party candidates won a majority of the seats contested, and their success led to the formation of the Alliance Party (later the Barisan Nasional). All the key information about the 92 International Schools in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Extracurricular activies, if teachers are native, class sizes, fees, school bus availability, etc. The other airport is Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport, also known as Subang Skypark and served as the main international gateway to Kuala Lumpur from 1965 until KLIA opened in 1998. [114] Kuala Lumpur is also the centre of the wider Klang Valley metropolitan (covering Petaling Jaya, Klang, Subang Jaya, Puchong, Shah Alam, Gombak and others) which has an estimated metropolitan population of 7.25 million as of 2017[update]. Despite cities around Asia suffering declining tourist arrivals, Kuala Lumpur tourist arrivals increased from 6,210,900 in 1997 to 10,221,600 in 2000, or 64.6% increase in tourist arrivals. [86], Kuala Lumpur is home to the Parliament of Malaysia. Please select which sections you would like to print: While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. The city was occupied by the Japanese (1942–45) in World War II. [44], The early Chinese and Malay settlements were along the east bank of the Klang River – the Chinese mainly settled around the commercial centre of Market Square; the Malays, later Indian Chettiars and Indian Muslims resided in the Java Street (now Jalan Tun Perak) area. The hierarchy of authority in Malaysia, in accordance with the Federal Constitution, has stipulated the three branches, of the Malaysian government as consisting of the Executive, Judiciary and Legislative branches. The Chinatown of Kuala Lumpur, commonly known as Petaling Street, is one of them. MICE tourism, which mainly encompasses conventions— has expanded in recent years to become a vital component of the industry, and is expected to grow further once the Malaysian government's Economic Transformation Programme kicks in, and with the completion of a new 93,000 sq m-size MATRADE Centre in 2014. [83] Nine mayors have been appointed since then. [89] The infrastructure development in the surrounding areas such as the Kuala Lumpur International Airport at Sepang, the creation of the Multimedia Super Corridor and the expansion of Port Klang further reinforce the economic significance of the city. The commercial quarter, called the Golden Triangle, is concentrated on the river’s east side. [164] In 2015, the Kuala Lumpur Street Circuit was constructed to host the Kuala Lumpur City Grand Prix motor racing event. The city remains as the economic and business hub in the country. [182][183] KL Sentral was added on 16 April 2001 and served as the new transport hub of the Klang Valley Integrated Transit System. [87] Despite the relocation of federal government administration to Putrajaya, certain government institutions such as Bank Negara Malaysia (National Bank of Malaysia), Companies Commission of Malaysia and Securities Commission as well as most embassies and diplomatic missions have remained in the city.[88]. [60] The worst rioting on record in Malaysia however occurred on 13 May 1969, when race riots broke out in Kuala Lumpur. [11] Since the 1990s, the city has played host to many international sporting, political and cultural events including the 1998 Commonwealth Games and the 2017 Southeast Asian Games. About Cities Artists News Charts Help Kuala Lumpur is a hub for cultural activities and events in Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur daily, business, and digital papers include The Malaysian Reserve, The Edge, The Star, New Straits Times, The Sun, Malay Mail, Berita Harian, and Harian Metro.  Malayan Union 1946–1948 In its pewtersmithing workshop, "The School of Hard Knocks", participants are taught to create their own pewter dish using traditional tools and methods. [68], From the 1990s onwards, major urban developments in the Klang Valley have resulted in an extended Kuala Lumpur Metropolitan Area. The city’s central position led to its choice as capital of the Federated Malay States (1895). [120] Many of the Malays were originally from the other islands of Malay Archipelago i.e. Government buildings and the notable railway station (all influenced by Moorish design) are on the river’s hilly west bank. [194] The buses run between four hubs at the edge of the central business district, namely KL Sentral, Titiwangsa, KLCC and Maluri, and Medan Pasar in the city centre. [53], During World War II, Kuala Lumpur was captured by the Imperial Japanese Army on 11 January 1942. Its collection comprises artefacts and paintings collected throughout the country. Lake Gardens, extending westward from the Kelang River opposite the central city, is an extensive greenbelt containing orchid and other gardens, wildlife areas, the government’s Parliament House, the National Museum of Malaysia (1963), the Islamic Arts Museum Malaysia (1999), and the National Planetarium (1993). Templer Park initiated and opened by Sir Gerald Templer in 1954 during the "Emergency" time. It is the largest city in Malaysia, covering an area of 243 km2 (94 sq mi) with an estimated population of 1.73 million as of 2016[update].  Federation of Malaya 1948–1963, It is unknown who founded or named the settlement Kuala Lumpur. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Kuala Lumpur is home to the University of Malaya (UM). The growth of the rubber industry led to an influx of foreign capital and planters, with new companies and industries becoming established in Kuala Lumpur, and other companies previously based elsewhere also found a presence here. [152] The Islamic Arts Museum, which houses more than seven thousand Islamic artefacts including rare exhibits as well as a library of Islamic art books, is the largest Islamic Arts collection in Southeast Asia. He also stipulated in 1884 that buildings should be constructed of brick and tile so that they would be less flammable, and that the town be rebuilt with wider streets to reduce fire risk. [125] Kuala Lumpur's rapid development has triggered a huge influx of low-skilled foreign workers from Indonesia, Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Philippines, Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia into Malaysia, many of whom enter the country illegally or without proper permits. Kuala Lumpur, Labuan and Putrajaya are the federal territories in Malaysia. This annual event draws the world's top riders and their prized horses to Malaysia. It is a city with museums and ties to its culture in places like the Old Market Square, yet it is balanced by the edgy architecture of the Petronas Twin Towers and mega shopping malls. It is the country’s largest urban area and its cultural, commercial, and transportation center. Programmes are broadcast in Malay, English, Chinese and Tamil. Greater Kuala Lumpur covers an even more extensive selection of universities including several international branches such as Monash University Malaysia Campus, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus and Xiamen University Malaysia. Jeong Chun Hai @Ibrahim, & Nor Fadzlina Nawi. Chirag Shetty talks about upcoming All England Open. [48] As Chinese Kapitan, he was vested with wide powers on a par with Malay community leaders. [150], Other universities located in Kuala Lumpur include Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Tunku Abdul Rahman University College (TARUC), UCSI University (UCSI), Taylor's University (TULC), International Medical University (IMU), Open University Malaysia (OUM), Kuala Lumpur University (UniKL), Perdana University (PU), Wawasan Open University (WOU), HELP University and the branch campus of the National University of Malaysia (UKM) and University of Technology Malaysia (UTM). Suria KLCC is one of Malaysia's premier upscale shopping destination due to its location beneath the Petronas Twin Towers. Read: Malaysia extends lockdown till Feb. 18 while it works on Chinese New Year COVID rules Bak kwa and meat floss sold by dried meat purveyor Oloiya Ox-themed lunar new year decor sold by My Decor Collections Women’s traditional Chinese clothing sold by the Hari-Hari clothing store. It is generally accepted that Kuala Lumpur become established as a town circa 1857,[26] when the Malay Chief of Klang, Raja Abdullah bin Raja Jaafar, aided by his brother Raja Juma'at of Lukut, raised funds from Malaccan Chinese businessmen to hire some Chinese miners from Lukut to open new tin mines here. Apart from shopping complexes, Kuala Lumpur has designated numerous zones in the city to market locally manufactured products such as textiles, fabrics and handicrafts.

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